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Today’s urban transportation planning process is being impacted by the President’s Stimulus Plan
$20.00Assignment Instructions
Please use APA format for this assignment. Where applicable, you must show your derivations, analysis and how you obtained the responses/answers. Use title page, in-text citations, references, appropriate font size, double spaces, etc where appropriate. The assignment will be graded for content, APA formatting, met deadlines for submission. See the following rubric below.
Rubric Category Point Val. Your Points Paper meets the specified pages or word length, demonstrates thorough understanding of the reading assignment, reflects critical thought, and relates to course content and/or industry applications. Length required _ 5-7 pages____, __ pages___ turned in.
20 Ideas and concepts are supported through resources and/or personal experiences. Work exhibits truthful and verifiable statements and mathematical formulae and derivations used where applicable. 40 Posts are free of writing errors (syntax, grammar, etc.) Try to avoid using needless fillers i.e. that. I did not count those as errors this time. Also, free of APA format errors.
___ Errors – 1-4 =.9 5-7= .8, 8-10= .7, 11-12= .6, 13-14= .5, 15-17= .4, 18= .3, 19= .2, 20= .1, 21 or more 0.
40 Total 100 Today’s urban transportation planning process is being impacted by the President’s Stimulus Plan. High speed rail is one such option to congestion along the highways of urban areas. These projects have two sides to them. There are those who support high speed rail and those who do not support high speed rail. You have been chosen to not support the Stimulus Plan for use of high speed rail to ease congestion. Your task is to help decision makers make up their minds. So, you are now on the opposing side. Discuss how this Stimulus Plan for high speed rail will not work. You can use any reference. But, you must also present your opinion based on facts and data, not just because you don’t like it. You will have to provide evidence to back up what you believe is a bad idea. (25 points)
Most (97 percent) roads and streets in the United States are under the jurisdiction of State and local governments. The Federal jurisdiction is mainly limited to National Parks, National Forests, and other government-owned land. Discuss what issues and problems might be common between the Federal jurisdiction and the State and Local governments, and what issues and problems might be unique to the Federal government compared to the State and local governments. List the common and unique attributes and provide a brief explanation to support your choice. Use references in APA format and also offer your own opinion on what you think of these issues and problems. (25 points)
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) went into effect on January 1, 1994. This sweeping agreement is designed to open the borders separating Canada, Mexico, and the United States to the free exchange of goods and services. There are many pros and cons of NAFTA that have emerged since 1994. The future of NAFTA is in the wind these days. It may fail or succeed for the next ten years. You job is to help Congress and other decision makers to decide what course of action they should take regarding NAFTA’s future. You are to take the side that NAFTA is a bad business investment; you are to represent the “con” side of the argument. So, discuss why you would defeat or destroy NAFTA or morph it from its current state to some other new state. (25 points)
In early 1990s with a second wave of low-cost carriers (LCCs), which led to the second period of strong traffic growth from early 1993 through early 2000, Southwest Airlines arguably provided the blueprint for U.S. Between 2006 and 2009 a fuel crisis happened and a recession for business and the transportation industry. What is the impact today on LCC’s in order to be competitive in this economy coming on the heels of this recession? (25 points)
Diversity In Sport Essay
$20.00Using examples from race or gender, the student will select a topic of interest and email the topic to Michele Barton-Verdi through Blackboard.A maximum of two students per topic.Topic choices are listed under the course content.
Students will explore the dualities and perspectives of a topic and select one position to either support or reject.Using critical thinking skills and theoretical perspectives, students will investigate myths versus facts; identify the contradictions that exist within sports and discuss the implications to either women/men or minorities in sport and in society.
Each student will select one position and write a 3-5 page paper to either support or reject their position.The paper should include at least 8 resources.Do not use Wikipedia. The student will identify a position for the topic and then explore one in detail. The Final Paper is due during Week 6.The Final Paper will be your final exam.
Dover Beach Assignment
$7.00Assignment 1 (200 words)
http://www.warpoetry.co.uk/owen1.html
http://www.victorianweb.org/authors/arnold/writings/doverbeach.html
Explain how the images in Wilfred Owen’s “Dulce et Decorum Est” develop further the ideas and sentiments suggested by Arnold’s final line concerning “ignorant armies clash[ing] by night.”
Assignment 2 (300 words)
http://www.jimmysantiagobaca.com/greenchile.html
How is this poem “Green Chile” a love poem? Compare the kind of love this poem illustrates (and it could be more than one kind of love) to the kind of love that Sharon Olds’ “Last Night” illustrates. In Olds’ poem, dragonflies are the dominant image. In Santiago’s poem, chile peppers are the dominant image. What do these images share in terms of the message they portray? Be specific and think broadly!
Last Night
by Sharon Olds
The next day, I am almost afraid.
Love? It was more like dragonflies
in the sun, 100 degrees at noon,
the ends of their abdomens stuck together, I
close my eyes when I remember. I hardly
knew myself, like something twisting and
twisting out of a chrysalis,
enormous, without language, all
head, all shut eyes, and the humming
like madness, the way they writhe away,
and do not leave, back, back,
away, back. Did I know you? No kiss,
no tenderness—-more like killing, death-grip
holding to life, genitals
like violent hands clasped tight
barely moving, more like being closed
in a great jaw and eaten, and the screaming
I groan to remember it, and when we started
to die, then I refuse to remember,
the way a drunkard forgets. After,
you held my hands extremely hard as my
body moved in shudders like the ferry when its
axle is loosed past engagement, you kept me
sealed exactly against you, our hairlines
wet as the arc of a gateway after
a cloudburst, you secured me in your arms till I slept—-
that was love, and we woke in the morning
clasped, fragrant, buoyant, that was
the morning after love.
Assignment 3: Network Design Consultation
$25.00Assignment 3: Network Design Consultation
Due Week 10 and worth 200 points
Your neighbor is starting a small billing business and has asked you to design the network. Currently, you neighbor has nothing, but needs the following:- 2 workstations, 2 laptops, and 1 server supporting 3 users
- Wireless networking
- 1 quality networked printer
- File and folder sharing
- Internet access
- Multiple email addresses
- Basic security environment (similar to home environment)
- Initial investment $5,000 or less
- Recurring costs less than $200 per month
With this information in mind, write an 8-10 page paper in which you:
- Recommend a design that meets all the customer’s needs.
- Create one (1) original drawing/diagram of the configuration. Use PowerPoint, Visio, Word, or other similar drawing software you are familiar with.
- Suggest network architecture and Internet access configuration.
- Describe hardware recommendations and related costs.
- Describe software recommendations and related costs.
- Provide a Cost Table listing all the items needing purchasing and the associated cost.
- Describe the basic configuration recommended for a secure computing environment.
- Cite at least three (3) references to articles from relevant, non-commercial, and non-wiki sources.
Note: If an assumption(s) is made based on customer needs, please state assumption and reasoning for related suggestion(s). Your assignment must:
- Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
- Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific Course Learning Outcomes associated with this assignment are:
- Contrast why different technologies are deployed in different contexts of networking, such as topology, bandwidth, distance, and number of users.
- Analyze and compare the characteristics of various communication protocols and how they provide application requirements.
- Deploy a basic Ethernet LAN and compare it to other network topologies.
- Use technology and information resources to research issues in networking.
- Write clearly and concisely about introductory networking topics using proper writing mechanics and technical style conventions.
The Necklace Assignment
$7.00Read: https://gcps.desire2learn.com/d2l/lor/viewer/viewFile.d2lfile/6605/5052/TheNecklaceGoodFull.pdf
Answer:
- After reading the first five paragraphs of the story, how do you feel about Mme. Loisel? Do you like her or not? Why? Does your opinion of her change by the end of the story?
- What is the conflict in the story?
- Locate the climax in the story. Is there a resolution to the conflict?
- What role does French society play in the story?
- How well does paragraph 105 sum up the point of the story? What do you think is the story’s theme?
- Does this story have a moral? If so, what is it, and is it stated explicitly or merely implied?
- What do you think is Mme. Loisel’s response to Mme. Forestier’s telling her that the necklace was merely paste? Write a conclusion to the story that describes her response.
- Read: http://rapgenius.com/Raymond-carver-little-things-lyrics#lyric Write an short essay comparing the ending of “The Necklace” with that of Raymond Carver’s “Popular Mechanics”. What is the effect of the ending on your reading of each story?
- Using steps 1-7, write out your thoughts specifically on steps 1-3 based on the story, write out what you believe the theme is to this story, “The Necklace.” Make sure your statement of theme follows steps 4-7.
There is no precise formula that can take you to the center of a story’s meaning and help you to articulate it. However, several strategies are practical and useful once you have read the story. Apply these pointers during a second or third reading:
- Pay attention to the title of the story. It often provides a lead to a major symbol or to the subject around which the theme develops.
- Look for details in the story that have potential for symbolic meanings. Careful consideration of names, places, objects, minor characters, and incidents can lead you to the central meaning.
- Decide whether the protagonist changes or develops some important insight as a result of the action. Carefully examine any generalizations the protagonist or narrator makes about the events in the story.
- When you formulate the theme of the story in your own words, write it down in one or two complete sentences that make some point about the subject matter.
- Be certain that your expression of the theme is a generalized statement rather than a specific description of particular people, places, and incidents in the story.
- Be wary of using clichés as a way of stating theme. They tend to short circuit ideas instead of generating them.
- Be aware that some stories emphasize theme less than others. Stories that have as their major purpose adventure, humor, mystery, or terror may have little or no theme.
Battle Royal Assignments
$7.00Assignment 1
Read: http://www.library.eiu.edu/ersvdocs/5502.pdf
- Discuss how the protagonist’s expectations are similar to what has come to be known as the American dream — the assumption that ambition, hard work, perseverance, intelligence, and virtue always lead to success.
- How does the first paragraph of the story sum up the conflict that the narrator confronts? In what sense is he “invisible”?
- What is the symbolic significance of the naked blonde? What details reveal that she represents more than a sexual tease in the story?
- How does the battle in the boxing ring and the scramble for money afterward suggest the kind of control whites have over blacks in the story?
- How can the dream at the end of the story be related to the major incidents that precede it?
- Given the grandfather’s advice, explain how “meekness” can be a “dangerous activity” and a weapon against oppression.
- Imagine the story as told from a third-person point of view. How would this change the story? Do you think the story would be more or less effective told from a third-person point of view?
- Read: http://xroads.virginia.edu/~drbr/wf_rose.html Compare and contrast Elli-son’s view of the South with William Faulk ner’s in “A Rose for Emily”.
Assignment 2
Read: http://iwc.learninghouse.com/mod/resource/view.php?inpopup=true&id=8001
Read Booker T. Washington’s Atlanta Compromise speech http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/39/
Read W.E.B DuBois: http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/40)
Answer:
- What did you learn from these two African American statesmen and scholars about the condition of the Black man and woman in the United States after the Civil War? What answers did they hold out to African Americans? Which statesman, Washington or DuBois, do you think has the stronger argument? Why?
- How does knowledge about Civil Rights help you understand the conflict in the story “Battle Royal”? Be specific in your answer.
- What are the hints of how young the girl in the story really is?
- What does she learn during this night with her new husband?
- Does her husband seem much older to you or closer to her age?
- What does he value? Do you think he is being honest with her? Why or why not?
- The closing scene is particularly disturbing — she is afraid of his buttering her toast with his hand holding the knife. She pauses, reflects, and kisses the ring on his hand. What is this a sign of? Is she being affectionate or something else? Think back through history — what other types of men generally had their rings kissed, and what did such obeisence represent?
Website Review Paper
$20.00Overview
This project will allow you to explore the wealth of excellent online resources available to art history students. Since your textbook includes only an overview of major works of art and art historical issues, this assignment will allow you to focus on a work or issue in greater detail as it is presented online on a museum or other educational website. By studying a site and presenting a report on that site to your classmates, you will begin to develop a collection of free trustworthy resources at your fingertips, as well as a discriminating eye for scholarly art historical analysis.
Learning OutcomesBy the end of this assignment, you will have:
- Become familiar with a diverse selection of credible online resources in art history
- Learned how to glean useful knowledge from these websites that will aid in your understanding of art history
- Developed an in-depth report on one of these website
Task Description
Review the websites below and select ONE on which you will focus. You can select any one of the sites depending on your interest in a particular region or era. For that site, familiarize yourself with most of the links therein and concepts and artworks covered. Develop a report on this site for the benefit of your classmates in which you summarize the main ideas presented, provide an in-depth description of a couple of those ideas, apply them to the material presented in the appropriate chapter in your textbook (i.e. ancient Greece and Rome, Renaissance Art, Baroque Art, etc), and bring in relevant research to support your observations. Also, bring in a couple of these images as illustrations of these concepts, including one or more of the works considered in the website. Consider the following questions as you proceed: on what does the site focus? Is it informational, argumentative, etc?; What can we learn about the art and its culture that the textbook does not provide?; What questions do you still have? What have you discovered through further research that adds to our understanding of artist, issue, etc? You may come up with other questions and answers, but these are a good place to start.
1) The Cave of Chauvet-Pont-d’Arc
http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/arcnat/chauvet/en/index.html
2) The British Museum: Assyria, Babylonia, Sumer
http://www.mesopotamia.co.uk/menu.html
3) History: The Egyptians
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/
4) The Parthenon Marbles: The British Museum vs. The Hellenic Ministry of Culture
http://www.britishmuseum.org/the_museum/news_and_debate/debate/parthenon_sculptures.aspx
and http://odysseus.culture.gr/a/1/12/ea120.html
5) The False Door: Dissolution and Becoming in Roman Wall-Painting
http://creadm.solent.ac.uk/custom/rwpainting/cover/index.html6) Beyond the Fingers: The Sistine Chapel Revealed
http://www.ronibennun.com/beyond/beyond.html
7) Universal Leonardo (on the Renaissance artist, Leonardo da Vinci)
http://www.universalleonardo.org/
8) Johannes Vermeer’s Woman Holding a Balance (National Gallery of Art)
http://www.nga.gov/feature/vermeer/index.shtm
You might also watch the short video on this painting produced by the National Gallery. You can find it here http://www.nga.gov/podcasts/ Click on “The Collection” on the left side of the page and scroll down until you reach “Vermeer: Master of Light-Woman Holding a Balance, Part I.”
Process & Requirements:
1) Thoroughly review your chosen website. Create an outline or diagram on paper as you do this so that you can better understand how the site is designed and what topics are covered. In your own words, summarize the main ideas. Note the direction or purpose of the site. Right click and save a couple of the images that you believe are good illustrations of these ideas. Or, search for these images online and import them into your report. Note any artists or works that are covered both on the website and in your textbook and compare the information given on them. If available, please make sure that you credit the artist and work by giving the name, title, date, and medium!
2) Conduct a little bit of research online on this topic. Try to determine the website’s accuracy, learn more about the topic, and/or compare it with other works by the same artist or from the same period by seeking out a good, online resource on the subject. These sites are good places to start: http://arthistoryresources.net/ARTHLinks.html; http://www.besthistorysites.net/index.php/art-history; and http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/ . Find 1 good source and integrate any information found here into your presentation, if relevant to your topic. Make sure you cite your source by author and/or site name within your presentation. Please note that sites like Wikipedia or an unverifiable source (personal blog, etc.) are NOT acceptable sources for this presentation.
Additional Files:
Case 7.2 “Poverty and Pollution”
$25.00Read Case 7.2 titled “Poverty and Pollution,” prior to starting this assignment.
Write a 6-8 page paper in which you:- Determine the ethical implications of businesses polluting in a third world country. Explain your rationale.
- Suggest the reasons a business may conduct operations in a third world country and disregard any standards of pollution control.
- It has been said that pollution is the price of progress. Assess the connections between economic progress and development, on the one hand, and pollution controls and environmental protection, on the other.
- Support the argument that human beings have a moral right to a livable environment regardless of the country they live in.
- Take a position on whether wealthy nations have an obligation to provide poorer nations with, or help them develop, greener industries and sources of energy. Explain your rationale.
- Propose a plan for uniform global pollution control standards and how you would enforce them.
- Use at least three (3) quality references. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not quality as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
- Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
- Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required page length.
How the USS COLE Attack Could Have been Prevented using Critical Thinking
$25.00Using the “Elements of Thought” approach to Critical Thinking, outline how the terrorist attack on the USS Cole could possibly have been prevented or mitigated using the ‘elements of thought’ process.
ALSO reference any fallacies of logic you found (including poor statistics) that influenced decisions (or non-actions) which led to the attack occurring. For example, how could a boat be allowed to come right up next to a US Navy ship while it is being refueled in a Muslim country (Yemen)?
How could thinking differently about security and safety have prevented the attack?
Your paper should be 6 pages in length, using APA style WITH CITATIONS from ALL the below sources.
http://www.criticalthinking.org/ctmodel/logic-model1.htm
http://innovative-analytics.com/docs/DevelopingCriticalThinking.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Cole_bombing
http://abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=81733&page=1#.UZxvQLWnqPw
A visit to Archaeology museum
$7.00Coursework in place of failed Portfolio Assessment
Directions:
Students should visit the Technopolis – City of Athens www.technopolis-athens.com
The visit should include a variety of exhibitions on current display in the buildings that made up the gasworks factory as well as the Industrial Gas Museum.
You need to take notes about what you have learned from the visit. Write a short statement of approximately 500 words of what you learned and found interesting.
Be sure to take photographs of either your visit and include these photographs in the appendix to your report.
Note: The following criteria are considered in marking this coursework:
- Good introduction,
- Clear and accurate referencing (according to the Harvard system)
- Clear and logical explanation and discussion
- Good business English
- Independence of thought and originality
- Good conclusion
- Style and Presentation of the report
COMPULSORY PURCHASE & COMPENSATION: No Scheme World
$25.00ASSIGNMENT TASK
COMPULSORY PURCHASE & COMPENSATION
Explain what is meant by the ‘no scheme world’ in the assessment of compulsory purchase compensation. In the light of recent case law, to what extent do you consider that it is a settled concept?
You should make reference to case law as appropriate and you should include references to literature and statute.
Harvard References ONLY!
Word limit: 1,500
Future of Hydroelectric power
$20.00The purpose of the final report in this course is to examine the current research literature (2010-2013) in an attempt to determine where a particular item, process, product or service will be in the year 2060. You may have a predetermined notion of the direction of a particular product, process, etc., and you might even think to guess at an answer by simply providing that opinion. PLEASE DON’T. Your prediction will have to be based only on the information that you have identified in the literature and from reference material that you have gathered. In other words, the research that is now ongoing should provide some of the (properly-referenced) detail for your prediction, and the collection of articles gathered during your search (maybe only 4 or 5 articles in total) should provide or convince you with such credibility that you feel confident that you have correctly predicted the future. You are writing to the instructor, so you do not have to go into a lengthy historical detail. Please attempt to limit description about the “past” associated with your topic to about 3 quarters of a page. Focus on the present (current research) and the future (where you think the item, process, etc. will be based on what you have identified is happening in the literature now and the articles you referenced). Note that this does not mean that you cannot express your opinion related to your subject, but that the opinion should be influenced by the literature that you have found, and properly referenced. In other words, you are referencing the current research literature to support the opinion that you are writing about (i.e., something to back up or confirm your ideas). Papers are often 3 to 5 pages (double-spaced) depending on your writing style and how concisely you can convince the reader of the outcome.
There is no need to footnote or endnote directly from the source of your information; simply paraphrase the material and reference according to the APA format used by one of the scientific journal articles that you have found on your topic. The format will be marked as part of the grade for the paper.
The last sentence of your paper should be “In summary, in the year 2060 based on the information that I have collected, I believe that ………………..will be ………………..”
References
All final reports must have a separate “references” section which clearly identifies all sources of materials cited directly or indirectly in your paper. The references must be presented in a list of correct form, in alphabetical order, not numbered, on the last page of your submission. The 3-5 page total pages in your report does not have to count the references list (i.e., this could be page 6 if you wish). The specific sentences (or paragraphs, if applicable) in your paper where you have paraphrased material must be referenced properly. The journal articles that you have selected may be able to be used as examples for how to reference materials in your final report (if they are APA format). Within the text of your report, you should cite each source that you allude to or quote from directly. After each citation, insert the authors’ names in parentheses (don’t use numbers). Again, the journal articles you have selected should provide examples of how they reference the work of others. We’ll be using APA format for this paper.
Response to Geoffrey Chaucer,The General Prologue
$5.00Write 400 words in response to the following question after reading Geoffrey Chaucer,The General Prologue, lines 1-42 and 445-76, and The Wife of Bath’s Prologue, lines 1-192 (ed. and trans. Larry Benson)
http://sites.fas.harvard.edu/~chaucer/teachslf/gp-par.htm
http://sites.fas.harvard.edu/~chaucer/teachslf/wbt-par.htm
- Why would April be a good time for a pilgrimage to Canterbury?
What I’m looking for is a detailed analysis of ONE topic with quotations of key words and phrases from the poem to develop and provide supporting evidence for your ideas.
Appraisal of Articles
$25.00Locate a minimum of 15 peer-reviewed articles that describe the problem or issue and which support the proposed solution. Eight of the 15 articles must be research-based (e.g., a study which is qualitative, quantitative, descriptive, or longitudinal).
Hint: Begin your search for literature by utilizing the databases located in the GCU eLibrary. Contact your faculty member, the librarian, or library staff for additional researching tips and key word suggestions.
Preview each of the 15 articles chosen by reading the article abstracts and summaries.
Hint: Article abstracts and summaries provide a concise description of the topic, research outcomes, and significance of findings.
Hint: Refer to “RefWorks” and “Module 1: Checklist.”
Perform a rapid appraisal of each article by answering the following questions (one to two sentences are sufficient to answer each question):
- How does each article describe the nature of the problem, issue, or deficit you have identified?
- Does each article provide statistical information to demonstrate the gravity of the issue, problem, or deficit?
- What are example(s) of morbidity, mortality, and rate of incidence or rate of occurrence in the general population?
- Does each article support your proposed change?
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the
Storytelling in a Family Setting
$7.50Assignment A – Telling Stories/Routines/Rituals/Secrets
Using ideas from chapter one or two, you should talk about story telling in a family setting. You may use a fictional family (I differentiate between fictional and hypothetical. A fictional family exists on paper or on screen while a hypothetical family is something that is just in your head So be prepared to refer to a television series, film, book, portrayal is you select the fictional. The paper needs to access ideas from Turner & West (2006) chapters as a base, with your ideas as support for you argument. The paper should be two pages in length. If you decide to take an idea from chapters one or two, you need to develop a thesis on your own. For instance, on page 40 of the e-copy version of the book, there is a chart of Six Family Configurations and Their Communication. You could identify a family type and a communication issue, let’s say Extended Family that “may have the potential for conflict if issues such as growth and change are not addressed” and explore a personal example from your life, or find a fictional example like from a show like Modern Family. Please use a fictional family that is in aTV show or book. I will upload chapters
What are the similar areas of study or studies that lead up to the current research
$15.00In three pages: Complete a literature review for the Research Proposal Statement (below). Use APA style and A minimum of five relevant references are to be analyzed for the Literature Review. The references used are to be cited in the Literature Review of the Research Proposal. Attached is a guide to help in the writing of the Literature Review.
Some related instructions to be used when completing this assignemnt:
Review of the Relevant Literature/Related Research/Literature Review: Provide a minimum of five research studies that address the same topic chosen for the proposal.- What are the similar areas of study or studies that lead up to the current research? Identify the importance of the questions being asked.
- Report on the current status of the topic.
- Analyze the relationship between the literature reviewed and the problem statement.
Include a summary, along with a restatement of the relationships between the variables under consideration and how these relationships are important to the proposed hypothesis.
Research Proposal Statement:
Intellectual Property Law (IPL) and International Trade Agreement (ITA) directly affect the global health environment. Thus, the need of doing this study mainly in the area of access of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) is important because there are several clashes between World Trade Organizations (WTO) members and health care activists regarding the provision of ART. This problem is important enough to study because it has become a concerning issue for governments and pharmaceutical companies to have patents and strongest IP law for HIV related therapies, products and drug manufacturing techniques. These IP laws and ITA are important to manage the delivery of drugs in developing countries in an effective and lawful manner. Due to all these issues, this study is important and there is a need to execute strong provisions related to IP laws and ITA in different countries of the world.Additional Files: